• br Metabolic effects of apelin in obesity

  2024-01-24

  

  Metabolic effects of apelin in obesity and type 2 diabetes Mice fed a high fat diet (HFD) for several weeks become obese, hyperglycemic, hyperinsulinemic and insulin resistant. Acute apelin treatment by intravenous injection or by infusion during a hyperinsulinemic–euglycemic clamp in obese and i

• Insulin is the central hormone involved in the control

  2024-01-24

  

  Insulin is the central hormone involved in the control of glucose and lipid metabolism. Other nonmetabolic effects of insulin are intensively studied as well. Activation of insulin receptor not only promotes glucose uptake, protein synthesis, and inhibits lipid metabolism, but also is crucial for re

• Our present result that week old PKA

  2024-01-24

  

  Our present result that ≤2-week-old 150ΔPKA mice express normal LTP that does not depend on CP-AMPARs also supports the collective findings of previous work showing that LTP mechanisms are remarkably adaptable in juvenile animals compared with adults. In particular, GluA1 knockout, S845A/S831A, and

• The AhR molecule is composed of multiple

  2024-01-24

  

  The AhR molecule is composed of multiple functional domains [38]. In the N-terminal end, the AhR contains bHLH domain which is involved in DNA binding, dimerization with ARNT and association with chaperone proteins. The PAS domain, which is situated next to the bHLH domain consists of two structura

• APN accounts for of total plasma proteins

  2024-01-24

  

  APN accounts for 0.01% of total plasma proteins in humans; this proportion increases with age to a small extent (Barb et al., 2007). Normal APN levels in the circulation range 3–30μg/mL (Aprahamian and Sam, 2011). APN levels are lower in men than women due to the presence of testosterone and even mo

• br Methods and results ACE is a Canadian

  2024-01-23

  

  Methods and results ACE is a Canadian satellite mission [7] that measures atmospheric C598-0466 spectra in the limb geometry using the Sun as a light source (solar occultation). The ACE orbit (74° inclination to the equator, 650 km altitude) concentrates measurements at high latitudes but also p

• br Regulation of V ATPase assembly in response to

  2024-01-23

  

  Regulation of V-ATPase assembly in response to changes in amino metabolic enzymes levels A central regulator of cell growth and metabolism is mTORC1 [38]. mTORC1 integrates signals from nutrient availability and growth factor receptors to control such processes as protein and lipid synthesis and

• br Conclusions br Acknowledgements We would

  2024-01-23

  

  Conclusions Acknowledgements We would like to thank the members of the Bergmann lab for fruitful discussions in the course of this work. This work was supported by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) under award number R35 GM118330. The content is solely the responsibili

• Apelin induced G i activation has been demonstrated

  2024-01-23

  

  Apelin induced Gαi activation has been demonstrated as a benefiting effect on cardiac contractility [12], [38], [39], and a vasodilator activity that protects against angiotensin-II-induced cardiovascular fibrosis and atheroma [40], [41]. In contrast, stretch causes hypertrophy through diminishing G

• Dopaminergic neurons are vulnerable to

  2024-01-23

  

  Dopaminergic neurons are vulnerable to oxidative products and inflammatory responses; these processes may play important roles in the etiology of PD. Because glial acetylcholine receptor are the main generators of inflammatory responses in the CNS, the possibility that PD results from glial cell dy

• br Conclusion We present here the first comprehensive analys

  2024-01-23

  

  Conclusion We present here the first comprehensive analysis of B-Raf-induced transcriptional activation in insulinoma cells. The B-Raf-induced signaling cascade targets the c-Fos and the c-Jun genes. Both gene products are constituents of the AP-1 transcription factor. The phosphatases MKP-1 and

• In Pham et al employed the microsphere

  2024-01-23

  

  In 2014, Pham et al. [22] employed the microsphere-based technology to create a Luminex probe-based assay for the rapid identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms that are known to confer resistance to one or more echinocandins in C. glabrata. The targets for the FKS probes were generated usi

• br AR mediated actions in cells of the vascular

  2024-01-23

  

  AR-mediated actions in Chelerythrine Chloride australia of the vascular wall Sex hormones may influence the size and composition of atherosclerotic lesions indirectly by modifying systemic cardiovascular risk factors such as plasma lipids profiles and insulin sensitivity; this aspect of their ac

• br Materials and methods br Conflict of

  2024-01-23

  

  Materials and methods Conflict of interest Acknowledgments We thank Christine Heiner (Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh) for her critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by grants from the US National Institutes of Health (R01GM115366, R01CA160417, and R01CA

• br AHR expression in cancer Perhaps the earliest indicator

  2024-01-22

  

  AHR expression in cancer Perhaps the earliest indicator that the AHR might play an ongoing role in tumorigenesis, independent of its role in generating mutations, was the demonstration that non-genotoxic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo(p)dioxin (TCDD) is a carcinogen in animals and humans [7]. Althoug

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